Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Institutions: Institutions are social structures that organize and guide human behavior. They can be formal or informal, and they can be public or private._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Policy of the United States on Institutions - Dictionary of Arguments
Levitsky I 48 Institutions/Policy of the United States/Levitsky: The guardian function of American institutions dates back to the founding of the Republic. The 1787 constitution created the world's first presidential system. Such a system requires considerable vigilance. Europe: In parliamentary democracies, the prime minister is a member of parliament and is elected by the strongest parties in parliament, which by and large ensures that he or she is acceptable to political insiders. The very process of forming a government serves as a filter. USA: The American presidents, on the other hand, are not members of parliament, and they are not elected by Congress. At least theoretically they are elected by the Levitsky I 49 people, anyone can run for the presidency and if he or she finds enough support, he or she can win the office. Dilemma: On the one hand, [the authors of the American Constitution] did not want to install a monarch at the head of the state, but an elected president, one who fulfilled their idea of a republican people's government and reflected the will of the people. On the other hand, they did not fully trust the people's ability to decide whether a candidate was suitable for office. Alexander Hamilton feared that a presidential office whose holder is elected by the people could all too easily fall to someone who would exploit the people's fears and ignorance to get elected and then rule as a tyrant (2). >U.S. Electoral System/Policy of the United States. 1. Cf. David Samuels/Matthew Shugart, Presidents, Parties, and Prime Ministers. How the Separation of Powers Affects Party Organization and Behavior, New York 2010. 2. Federalist Papers, No. 1, in: Alexander Hamilton/James Madison/John Ivy, Die Federalist Papers. Vollständige Ausgabe, ed. byBarbara Zahnpfennig, München 2007, p. 55._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Policy of the United States | ||
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